Tylenol · Paracetamol · Panadol
Analgesic / Antipyretic
- Onset
- 30 min – 1 hr
- Tmax
- 1 hr – 2 hr
- Lasts
- 4 hr – 6 hr
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Curated timing data for 249 common medications
Tylenol · Paracetamol · Panadol
Analgesic / Antipyretic
Advil · Motrin · Nurofen
NSAID
Bayer · Bufferin
NSAID / Antiplatelet
Aleve · Naprosyn
NSAID
Celebrex
COX-2 inhibitor (NSAID)
Voltaren · Cataflam
NSAID
Voltaren Gel
Topical NSAID
Toradol
NSAID
Mobic
NSAID
Indocin
NSAID
MS Contin · Roxanol
Opioid agonist
OxyContin · Percocet
Opioid agonist
Vicodin · Norco
Opioid agonist
Tylenol #3
Opioid agonist
Ultram
Atypical opioid / SNRI
Duragesic
Opioid agonist
Suboxone · Subutex
Partial opioid agonist
Dolophine
Opioid agonist
Lidoderm
Topical anesthetic
Zostrix
TRPV1 agonist
↗ Sustained pain relief develops over 2–4 weeks of regular use.
Neurontin
Gabapentinoid
↗ Full neuropathic-pain benefit typically takes 2–4 weeks at target dose.
Lyrica
Gabapentinoid
Amoxil
Penicillin
Augmentin
Penicillin + β-lactamase inhibitor
Pen-Vee K
Penicillin
Principen
Penicillin
Dycill
Anti-staphylococcal penicillin
Keflex
1st-gen Cephalosporin
Ceftin
2nd-gen Cephalosporin
Omnicef
3rd-gen Cephalosporin
Rocephin
3rd-gen Cephalosporin
Maxipime
4th-gen Cephalosporin
Zithromax · Z-Pak
Macrolide
Biaxin
Macrolide
E-Mycin
Macrolide
Cipro
Fluoroquinolone
Levaquin
Fluoroquinolone
Avelox
Fluoroquinolone
Vibramycin
Tetracycline
Minocin
Tetracycline
Sumycin
Tetracycline
Bactrim · Septra
Sulfonamide combo
Macrobid
Nitrofuran
Flagyl
Nitroimidazole
Cleocin
Lincosamide
Vancocin
Glycopeptide
Zyvox
Oxazolidinone
Rifadin
Rifamycin
Garamycin
Aminoglycoside
Zovirax
Nucleoside analog (HSV/VZV)
Valtrex
Nucleoside analog (HSV/VZV)
Famvir
Nucleoside analog (HSV/VZV)
Tamiflu
Neuraminidase inhibitor (Flu)
Relenza
Neuraminidase inhibitor (Flu)
Xofluza
PA endonuclease inhibitor (Flu)
Paxlovid
SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitor
Veklury
RNA polymerase inhibitor
Viread
NRTI (HIV/HBV)
Truvada
NRTI combo (HIV PrEP)
↗ Protective drug levels in tissue build over 7–21 days of daily dosing.
Tivicay
Integrase inhibitor (HIV)
Diflucan
Azole
Sporanox
Azole
Vfend
Azole
Lamisil
Allylamine
↗ Visible nail clearance takes 6–12 months as new nail grows out.
Mycostatin
Polyene
Lotrimin
Topical azole
↗ Full clearance of tinea typically takes 2–4 weeks.
Prinivil · Zestril
ACE inhibitor
↗ Full BP-lowering effect develops over 2–4 weeks of daily dosing.
Vasotec
ACE inhibitor
↗ Full BP-lowering effect develops over 2–4 weeks.
Altace
ACE inhibitor
↗ Full BP effect over 2–4 weeks.
Cozaar
ARB
↗ Maximum BP effect at 3–6 weeks.
Diovan
ARB
↗ Maximum BP effect at 4 weeks.
Benicar
ARB
↗ Maximum BP effect at 2 weeks.
Norvasc
Dihydropyridine CCB
↗ Steady-state BP effect develops over 7–10 days.
Procardia XL
Dihydropyridine CCB
Cardizem
Non-DHP CCB
Calan
Non-DHP CCB
Lopressor
β1-selective beta-blocker
Toprol XL
β1-selective beta-blocker (ER)
Tenormin
β1-selective beta-blocker
Inderal
Non-selective beta-blocker
Coreg
α/β-blocker
Trandate
α/β-blocker
Microzide
Thiazide diuretic
↗ Maximum BP effect at 3–4 weeks.
Hygroton
Thiazide-like diuretic
↗ Maximum BP effect at 3–4 weeks.
Lasix
Loop diuretic
Aldactone
K-sparing diuretic / aldosterone antagonist
↗ Full diuretic and BP effect develops over 2–3 days of daily dosing.
Apresoline
Direct vasodilator
Catapres
Central α2 agonist
Lanoxin
Cardiac glycoside
Cordarone
Class III antiarrhythmic
↗ Loading doses needed; antiarrhythmic effect builds over days to weeks.
Nitrostat
Nitrate vasodilator
Nitrate
Lipitor
Statin (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor)
↗ Maximum LDL lowering develops over 4–6 weeks of daily dosing.
Crestor
Statin
↗ Maximum LDL lowering develops over 4–6 weeks of daily dosing.
Zocor
Statin
↗ Maximum LDL lowering develops over 4–6 weeks of daily dosing.
Pravachol
Statin
↗ Maximum LDL lowering develops over 4–6 weeks of daily dosing.
Zetia
Cholesterol absorption inhibitor
↗ Maximum LDL effect at ~2 weeks.
Tricor
Fibrate
↗ Maximum triglyceride lowering at 4–8 weeks.
Repatha
PCSK9 inhibitor
↗ Maximum LDL reduction by 4–8 weeks.
Coumadin
Vitamin K antagonist
↗ Therapeutic INR usually reached over 5–7 days.
Eliquis
Factor Xa inhibitor (DOAC)
Xarelto
Factor Xa inhibitor (DOAC)
Pradaxa
Direct thrombin inhibitor
Lovenox
Low-molecular-weight heparin
Heparin
Unfractionated heparin
Plavix
P2Y12 antiplatelet
↗ Without a loading dose, steady-state platelet inhibition takes 5–7 days.
Brilinta
P2Y12 antiplatelet
Glucophage
Biguanide
↗ Maximum glucose-lowering effect develops over 1–2 weeks.
Glucotrol
Sulfonylurea
Diabeta
Sulfonylurea
Januvia
DPP-4 inhibitor
Jardiance
SGLT2 inhibitor
Farxiga
SGLT2 inhibitor
Victoza · Saxenda
GLP-1 agonist
Ozempic · Wegovy · Rybelsus
GLP-1 agonist
↗ Glycemic and weight-loss benefits build over weeks to months at target dose.
Mounjaro · Zepbound
GIP/GLP-1 agonist
↗ Maximum benefit develops over 12–24 weeks of titration.
Actos
Thiazolidinedione
↗ Maximum A1c lowering at 8–12 weeks.
Humalog
Rapid-acting insulin
NovoLog
Rapid-acting insulin
Humulin R · Novolin R
Short-acting insulin
Humulin N · Novolin N
Intermediate-acting insulin
Lantus · Basaglar
Long-acting insulin
Tresiba
Ultra-long-acting insulin
Zoloft
SSRI
↗ Mood/anxiety benefit typically develops over 4–6 weeks of daily use.
Prozac
SSRI
↗ Mood/anxiety benefit typically develops over 4–6 weeks of daily use.
Lexapro
SSRI
↗ Mood/anxiety benefit typically develops over 4–6 weeks of daily use.
Celexa
SSRI
↗ Mood/anxiety benefit typically develops over 4–6 weeks of daily use.
Paxil
SSRI
↗ Mood/anxiety benefit typically develops over 4–6 weeks of daily use.
Effexor
SNRI
↗ Mood/anxiety benefit typically develops over 4–6 weeks of daily use.
Cymbalta
SNRI
↗ Mood/anxiety benefit typically develops over 4–6 weeks of daily use.
Wellbutrin
NDRI
↗ Mood/anxiety benefit typically develops over 4–6 weeks of daily use.
Remeron
Tetracyclic / α2 antagonist
↗ Mood/anxiety benefit typically develops over 4–6 weeks of daily use.
Desyrel
SARI
Elavil
TCA
↗ Antidepressant effect builds over 4–6 weeks.
Pamelor
TCA
↗ Antidepressant effect builds over 4–6 weeks.
Xanax
Benzodiazepine
Ativan
Benzodiazepine
Klonopin
Benzodiazepine
Valium
Benzodiazepine
BuSpar
5-HT1A partial agonist
↗ Full anxiolytic effect develops over 2–4 weeks.
Vistaril · Atarax
Antihistamine
Risperdal
Atypical antipsychotic
↗ Full antipsychotic effect develops over weeks.
Zyprexa
Atypical antipsychotic
↗ Full antipsychotic effect develops over weeks.
Seroquel
Atypical antipsychotic
Abilify
Atypical (D2 partial agonist)
Haldol
Typical antipsychotic
Clozaril
Atypical antipsychotic
↗ Slow titration; full benefit over weeks to months.
Lithobid · Eskalith
Mood stabilizer
↗ Full mood-stabilizing effect develops over 1–3 weeks.
Depakote
Anticonvulsant / mood stabilizer
↗ Full mood-stabilizing effect develops over 1–3 weeks.
Lamictal
Anticonvulsant / mood stabilizer
↗ Slow titration over 5–6 weeks before reaching target dose.
Ritalin · Concerta
CNS stimulant
Adderall
CNS stimulant
Vyvanse
CNS stimulant (prodrug)
Strattera
NRI
↗ ADHD benefit develops over 4–6 weeks of daily dosing.
Natrol
Hormone
Ambien
Non-benzodiazepine (Z-drug)
Lunesta
Z-drug
Sonata
Z-drug
Unisom
1st-gen antihistamine
Rozerem
Melatonin receptor agonist
Belsomra
Orexin receptor antagonist
Benadryl
1st-gen antihistamine
Claritin
2nd-gen antihistamine
Zyrtec
2nd-gen antihistamine
Allegra
2nd-gen antihistamine
Xyzal
2nd-gen antihistamine
Clarinex
2nd-gen antihistamine
Chlor-Trimeton
1st-gen antihistamine
Flonase
Intranasal corticosteroid
↗ Full anti-inflammatory effect builds over 1–2 weeks of daily use.
Nasonex
Intranasal corticosteroid
↗ Full anti-inflammatory effect builds over 1–2 weeks of daily use.
Sudafed
α-adrenergic agonist
Sudafed PE
α1 agonist
Afrin
α-adrenergic agonist
Mucinex
Expectorant
Delsym
Antitussive
Ventolin · ProAir
Short-acting β2 agonist (SABA)
Xopenex
SABA
Serevent
LABA
Foradil
LABA
Flovent
Inhaled corticosteroid
↗ Full asthma-control benefit builds over 2–4 weeks.
Pulmicort
Inhaled corticosteroid
↗ Full asthma-control benefit builds over 2–4 weeks.
Spiriva
LAMA
Atrovent
SAMA
Singulair
Leukotriene receptor antagonist
Prilosec
PPI
↗ Maximum acid suppression develops over 3–4 days of daily dosing.
Nexium
PPI
↗ Maximum acid suppression develops over 3–4 days.
Protonix
PPI
↗ Maximum acid suppression over 3–4 days.
Prevacid
PPI
↗ Maximum acid suppression over 3–4 days.
Pepcid
H2 blocker
Zantac
H2 blocker
Antacid
Zofran
5-HT3 antagonist
Phenergan
Phenothiazine antihistamine
Reglan
D2 antagonist / prokinetic
Bonine · Antivert
Antihistamine
Imodium
μ-opioid agonist (gut-restricted)
Dulcolax
Stimulant laxative
Senokot
Stimulant laxative
MiraLAX
Osmotic laxative
Colace
Stool softener
Kristalose
Osmotic laxative
Synthroid · Levoxyl
Synthetic T4
↗ Steady-state thyroid effect builds over 4–6 weeks; dose changes are reassessed at 6 weeks.
Cytomel
Synthetic T3
Tapazole
Thionamide
↗ Clinical euthyroidism typically reached over 4–8 weeks.
Thionamide
↗ Clinical euthyroidism over 4–8 weeks.
Levora · Nordette
Combined oral contraceptive
↗ Contraceptive protection typically established by day 7 of continuous use.
Micronor
Progestin-only pill
Depo-Provera
Progestin injection
Plan B
Emergency contraceptive
Estrace · Climara
Estrogen
↗ Hot-flash relief typically builds over 2–4 weeks.
Depo-Testosterone
Androgen
Viagra
PDE5 inhibitor
Cialis
PDE5 inhibitor
Flomax
α1-blocker
↗ Maximum BPH symptom relief over 2–4 weeks.
Proscar · Propecia
5α-reductase inhibitor
↗ Hair-loss benefit visible only after 3–6 months; full effect at 12 months.
Ditropan
Antimuscarinic
Deltasone
Glucocorticoid
Orapred
Glucocorticoid
Medrol
Glucocorticoid
Decadron
Glucocorticoid
Cortizone
Topical glucocorticoid
Kenalog
Glucocorticoid
Entocort
Glucocorticoid (gut-targeted)
Flexeril
Centrally acting muscle relaxant
Robaxin
Centrally acting muscle relaxant
Zanaflex
α2 agonist
Lioresal
GABA-B agonist
Keppra
SV2A modulator
Dilantin
Na+ channel blocker
Tegretol
Na+ channel blocker
Topamax
Multi-mechanism
Imitrex
5-HT1B/1D agonist (triptan)
Maxalt
Triptan
Aimovig
CGRP receptor antagonist
↗ Migraine-prevention benefit assessed after 3 monthly doses.
Xalatan
Prostaglandin analog
Timoptic
Beta-blocker eye drops
Floxin Otic
Fluoroquinolone ear drops
Fluzone · Flulaval
Inactivated influenza vaccine
Comirnaty · Spikevax
mRNA vaccine
Adacel · Boostrix
Toxoid + acellular pertussis
M-M-R II
Live attenuated vaccine
Varivax
Live attenuated vaccine
Shingrix
Recombinant zoster vaccine
Gardasil 9
Recombinant HPV vaccine
Engerix-B · Recombivax HB
Recombinant subunit vaccine
Havrix · Vaqta
Inactivated vaccine
Prevnar 20 · Pneumovax 23
Polysaccharide / conjugate vaccine
Menactra · Menveo
Conjugate vaccine
Imovax
Inactivated vaccine